What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC?

The outcome of the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC was a significant victory for the Athenians. This battle took place during the first Persian invasion of Greece and is noted for its importance in defending Greek independence against a much larger Persian force.

The Athenians, led by General Miltiades, utilized strategic advantages such as terrain and the element of surprise. Their forces, relatively smaller in number, managed to effectively defeat the Persian army through disciplined tactics and fierce combat, which ultimately led to the withdrawal of the Persians from the battlefield. This victory not only boosted Greek morale but also established Athens as a powerful city-state and set the stage for future Greek resistance against Persian invasions.

In this context, the other options can be clarified: there was no Persian victory, which would suggest they were able to conquer Athens; a stalemate did not occur, as the Athenians decisively won; and the Spartans, although they were notable warriors, did not partake in this battle as they were occupied with their own commitments at the time. Overall, the victory at Marathon is celebrated as a landmark event in ancient history and is often seen as a crucial moment in the emergence of Western civilization.