Which conflict is identified as a Catholic-Protestant war in Germany from 1618 to 1648?

The Thirty Years' War is recognized as a significant conflict primarily characterized by the struggle between Catholic and Protestant states within the Holy Roman Empire, as well as broader geopolitical conflicts involving various European powers. Initiated in 1618, the war included a complex series of political and religious disputes, making it one of the most devastating conflicts in European history.

The war began with issues surrounding the Protestant Reformation and escalated into a broader conflict involving various nations and alliances. It saw numerous battles and systemic destruction across Germany, leading to immense loss of life and economic upheaval. The conflict culminated in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, which not only ended the war but also established a new political order in Europe based on the principles of state sovereignty and religious tolerance.

Other options do not fit the description of a Catholic-Protestant war in Germany during this specific time. The Religious Wars generally encompass various conflicts throughout Europe but are not specifically identified with this timeline or geographic focus. The War of the Roses was a series of dynastic conflicts in England, and the English Civil War involved different political and religious factions but occurred much later, primarily in the 17th century. Thus, the Thirty Years' War is the correct identification of the conflict